This is when a small, fragile blood vessel breaks and bleeds just under the clear conjunctiva that covers the white layer of your eye (sclera). The blood gets trapped, creating a bright red patch. It looks alarming but is usually harmless and painless.
Keratitis is an inflammation or infection of the cornea. The cornea is the clear front window of the eye, so inflammation here can be painful and threaten vision. It can be caused by infection (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites) or by non-infectious factors like a severe dry eye, connective tissue disorders, an injury, or wearing contact lenses improperly.
Keratoconus is a progressive eye disease where the normally round, dome-shaped cornea thins and bulges outward into a cone shape. This irregular shape distorts light as it enters the eye, causing blurred and distorted vision that cannot be fully corrected with standard glasses.
A pterygium is a non-cancerous growth of fleshy tissue on the conjunctiva and cornea. It often starts on the nasal side of the eye (near the nose) and can grow slowly onto the cornea (the clear front window). It is thought to be linked to long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light, wind, and dust.
Conjunctivitis is an inflammation or infection of the conjunctiva—the thin, clear tissue that lines the white layer of the eye and the inside of the eyelids. It causes the small blood vessels to swell, making the eye look pink or red.
Amblyopia is a developmental problem in the brain, not a problem with the eye's structure. During early childhood, if one eye sends a blurry or double image to the brain (due to strabismus, refractive error, or visual deprivation), the brain learns to ignore or "shut off" that eye's input to avoid confusion. This leads to poor vision development in that eye.
Dry eye disease occurs when your eyes don't produce enough tears or produce poor-quality tears that evaporate too quickly. Tears are essential for comfort, clear vision, and the health of the eye's surface. It's a chronic and often progressive condition.
Strabismus, often called "squint," is a condition where the eyes do not align properly. One eye turns in, out, up, or down while the other eye looks straight ahead. This misalignment prevents the eyes from working together as a team, which can affect depth perception and may lead the brain to ignore the image from the turned eye (causing amblyopia).
Glaucoma is a group of diseases that damage the optic nerve, the cable that sends visual information from your eye to your brain. This damage is often caused by higher-than-normal pressure inside the eye, but it can also occur with normal pressure. It typically leads to gradual, permanent loss of peripheral (side) vision.